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Der Hals der Giraffen ist außergewöhnlich lang. Gleichwohl besteht die Halswirbelsäule wie bei fast allen Säugetieren aus nur sieben Halswirbeln, die stark verlängert sind. Der Hals wird von einer einzigen, sehr starken Sehne in einem Winkel von ca. 55° gehalten. Die Sehne verläuft vom Hinterkopf der Giraffe bis zum Steiß und ist für den „Höcker“ zwischen Hals und Körper verantwortlich. Der Ruhezustand hält Hals und Kopf in der aufrechten Position; um den Kopf nach unten zu bewegen, z.B. zum Trinken, muss die Giraffe Muskelarbeit aufbringen.
Aufgrund der Länge des Halses ist das Herz der Giraffen besonders leistungsstark. Es wiegt 12 Kilogramm, kann 60 Liter Blut pro Minute durch den Körper pumpen und sorgt für einen Blutdruck, der dreimal höher ist als beim Menschen. Direkt unterhalb des Gehirns befindet sich ein dichtes Geflecht dünner Arterien, die den Blutdruck aufnehmen und reduzieren können, um das Gehirn beim Trinken vor Beschädigungen zu schützen. Die blaugraue Zunge kann 50 Zentimeter lang werden und ist zum Greifen befähigt.
Quelle: http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giraffe
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(created: 29.12.2011, uploaded: 29.12.11 16:44)
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